Overview:
Tris Chinese name is trihydroxymethyl amino methane; Aminobutyriol; Bradyhemic acid amine; 2-amino-2 - (hydroxymethyl) -1, 3-propanediol. It is a white crystal or powder. It is soluble in ethanol and water, slightly soluble in ethyl acetate and benzene, insoluble in diethyl ether and carbon tetrachloride, corrosive to copper and aluminum, and irritating chemical.
Buffering characteristic:
Tris is a weak base with a pKa of 8.1 at 25 ° C. According to buffer theory, the effective buffer range of Tris buffer is between pH7.0 and 9.2. The aqueous solution of Tris base has a pH of about 10.5, and hydrochloric acid is generally added to adjust the pH to the desired value, and a buffer of this pH value can be obtained. However, attention should be paid to the effect of temperature on the pKa of Tris.
Application:
Trihydroxymethylaminomethane is widely used in acute metabolic and respiratory acidemia. It is an alkaline buffer that has a good buffer effect on metabolic acidosis and enzyme activity reaction. Tris is commonly used as a biological buffer, often with pH values of 6.8, 7.4, 8.0, and 8.8. Its structural formula and pH value vary greatly with temperature. In general, PH decreased by 0.03 for every degree increase in temperature. Tris is widely used in the preparation of buffers in biochemical and molecular biology experiments. For example, TAE and TBE buffers (used for nucleic acid dissolution) are commonly used in biochemical experiments. Since it contains amino groups, it can undergo condensation reactions with aldehydes. The aqueous solution of Tris base has a pH of about 10.5, and hydrochloric acid is generally added to adjust the pH to the desired value, and a buffer of this pH value can be obtained. However, attention should be paid to the effect of temperature on the pKa of Tris. Since Tris buffer is a weakly alkaline solution, DNA would be deprotonated in such a solution, thereby improving its solubility. EDTA is often added to Tris hydrochloric acid buffer to make "TE buffer", and TE buffer is used for DNA stabilization and storage. If the acid solution to adjust the pH is replaced by acetic acid, a "TAE buffer" (Tris/Acetate/EDTA) is obtained, whereas a "TBE buffer" (Tris/Borate/EDTA) is obtained by replacing boric acid. These two buffers are commonly used in nucleic acid electrophoresis experiments. TAE, TBE, etc. are the most commonly used reagents for DNA electrophoresis, and TE (pH8.0) is mainly used to dissolve DNA (TE is Tris plus EDTA). Tris buffer is not only widely used as a solvent for nucleic acids and proteins, but also has many important applications. It is used for protein crystal growth at different pH conditions. The low ionic strength of Tris buffer can be used for the formation of intermediate fibers of lamin in C.elegans. Tris is also one of the main components of protein electrophoresis buffer. "In addition, Tris is an intermediate in the preparation of surfactants, vulcanization promoters, and some drugs, and it is often used as a titration standard."
Chemical properties:
White crystal or powder. Melting point 171-172ºC, boiling point 219-220ºC /1.3kPa, soluble in ethanol and water, slightly soluble in ethyl acetate, benzene, insoluble in ether, carbon tetrachloride, copper, aluminum corrosion, irritating.
Purpose:
Tris is mainly used as pharmaceutical intermediates; It can be used as a biological buffer and as a base substance for acid titration. It is also used as an intermediate for biochemical reagents and fosfomycin. It can also be used as a vulcanization promoter, cosmetics (cream, lotion), mineral oil, paraffin emulsifier, biological buffer.
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